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综合写作

约 537 个字 预计阅读时间 2 分钟

开头句

开头1：
- The writer made the point that... on the contrary\ in contrast\ however, the professor demonstrated a different\ contradictory idea that...
开头2:
- The reading and the lecture are both about ecocertification of wood products, which is a way to show that they are environmentally friendly. The author of the reading believes that American companies will not adopt this practice. The lecturer casts doubts on the claims made in the article. She thinks that American wood companies will eventually certify their products.
开头3:
The lecturer raises several arguments to counter the reading passage's strong criticism of the public's declining interest in reading literature.

中间结构

每一个主体段都遵循“阅读分论点 + 听力反驳”的结构。你可以使用下面的模板来构建段落：

模板1 (通用结构):

  • (过渡词), the author points out that ... (阅读分论点1).
  • The article notes that ... (支撑阅读分论点1的细节).
  • This point is challenged by the lecturer. / The lecturer rebuts this argument.
  • She argues that ... (听力反驳观点1).
  • Furthermore, she elaborates on this by mentioning that ... (支撑听力观点1的细节).

模板2 (词汇变化):

  • Secondly, the author contends that ... (阅读分论点2).
  • The article establishes that ... (支撑阅读分论点2的细节).
  • The lecturer, on the other hand, posits that ... (听力反驳观点2).
  • She suggests that ... (支撑听力观点2的细节).

模板3 (结尾段):

  • Finally, the author states that ... (阅读分论点3).
  • The reading presents an idea that ... (支撑阅读分论点3的细节).
  • However, the professor contradicts this point by saying that ... (听力反驳观点3).
  • She puts forth the idea that ... (支撑听力观点3的细节).

特定词

① 表达观点

  • argues that... (论证说...)
  • states that... (陈述说...)
  • contends that... (主张...)
  • believes that... (相信...)
  • claims that... (声称...)
  • points out that... (指出...)
  • suggests that... (表明，暗示...)
  • posits that... (断定，假定...)
  • notes that... (提到...)
  • establishes that... (确立了...)
  • puts forth the idea that... (提出...的想法)
  • present the idea that...
  • says

② 表达反对

  • refutes (驳斥)
  • rebuts (反驳)
  • challenges (质疑)
  • contradicts (与...相矛盾)
  • casts doubt on (对...表示怀疑)
  • counters (反击，反驳)
  • disagrees with (不同意...)
  • is contrary to the idea in the reading (与阅读中的观点相反)
  • on the other hand, / however ...

③ 过渡

  • 引出各段分论点:
    • First of all, ...
    • Secondly, / In the second place, ...
    • Finally, / Lastly, ...
  • 表达对比关系:
    • However, ...
    • In contrast, ...
    • On the other hand, ...
    • On the contrary, ...
  • 引述来源:
    • According to the reading / lecture, ...
    • In the author's view, ...
    • The professor says that...

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